Hey there, I'm Ron Pereira of Gemba Academy. And I'd like to welcome you to this first module of our 5S course.

各位好，我是Gemba學(xué)院的羅恩•佩雷拉，歡迎來(lái)到5S課程的第一個(gè)模塊。

Well, by the end of this module, you'll know what 5S is and why it's so important, no matter what type of industry you work in. And finally, you'll know where the original concepts of 5S started. And as a small hint, it doesn't seem to be Japan like so many think it to be.

在本單元的最后，各位將知道5S是什么，以及為什么5S很重要，無(wú)論從事的行業(yè)是什么。最后，各位將知道5S最初的概念，源自哪里。一個(gè)小的暗示，5S似乎不像很多人所認(rèn)為的那樣是來(lái)源于日本。

Well, let's get started by first answering the question. What exactly is 5S? Well, formally defined, 5S is a method of creating a clean and orderly workplace that exposes waste and makes abnormalities immediately visible.

我們首先回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題：5S到底是什么？好，按正式的定義，5S是一種創(chuàng)造潔凈有序的工作場(chǎng)所，暴露浪費(fèi)，并使異常情況立即可見(jiàn)的方法，

You see as we learned earlier, one of the main purposes of 5S is to be able to identify abnormalities. In other words, if the place we work in is an unorganized mess, chances are we'll rarely be able to spot when something is not right.

正如在之前我們所了解的，5S的主要目的之一是：能識(shí)別出異常。換句話說(shuō)，如果我們工作的地方一團(tuán)糟，我們很可能就會(huì)很難發(fā)現(xiàn)有什么不對(duì)的。

But if we have things neat, clean, and tidy, we're far more likely to identify when something isn't right. Okay. Well, now that we have a better understanding of what 5S is, let's learn about its origins.

不過(guò)，如果東西是有序、干凈和整潔的，我們就會(huì)更容易辨別出什么地方不對(duì)。嗯，既然我們已經(jīng)對(duì)5S有了更好的了解，讓我們來(lái)了解它的起源吧。

Well, when someone refers to 5S, they're generally referring to 5 Japanese words that start with S. But it would seem, contrary to what many people assume, the origins of 5S may not be Japanese after all. In fact, Henry Ford's CANDO Program which stands for cleaning up, arranging, neatness, discipline, and ongoing improvement seems to be the obvious precursor to what we call 5S today.

有人提到5S時(shí)，他們通常指的是5個(gè)以S開頭的日文單詞。但與許多人的假設(shè)恰恰相反，5S的起源可能根本不是日文。事實(shí)上，亨利福特的CANDO計(jì)劃，即清理、整理、整潔、自律和持續(xù)改進(jìn)，似乎才是我們今天所說(shuō)的5S的明顯的前身。

And that actually seems very logical since the Japanese studied Ford's methods shortly after the war ended. But to be sure, the 5S we're focused on in this course and in most Lean manufacturing situations is based on 5 Japanese words. They are: Seiri, which is commonly translated as sort. Seiton, which means to straighten. Serso, which means to sweep or shine. Seiketsu, which actually means to sanitize, but is most commonly referred to as standardize today. And finally, Shitsuke, which means self-discipline or sustain.

這看起來(lái)是合乎邏輯的，因?yàn)樵趹?zhàn)后不久，日本人研究了福特的方法。不過(guò)，可以肯定的是，我們?cè)诒菊n程和大多數(shù)精益生產(chǎn)環(huán)境中所關(guān)注的5S是基于5個(gè)日文單詞，分別是：Seiri，通常翻譯成整理。Seiton，意思是整頓。Serso，意思是清掃。Seiketsu，實(shí)際上是指清潔，不過(guò)，現(xiàn)在最常見(jiàn)的是指的是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。最后，Shitsuke-修養(yǎng)，意思是自律或者維持。

Now, later in the module, we'll dive a bit deeper into each of these 5 steps, but before then, let's spend some time talking about why 5S is so important, no matter if you work in a machine shop or a hospital.

在本單元的后面，我們將深入討論這5個(gè)步驟中的各個(gè)步驟。不過(guò)，在此之前，我們花一些時(shí)間來(lái)討論為什么5S很重要，無(wú)論你是在機(jī)器車間還是在醫(yī)院工作。

Well, the first reason 5S is so important is its impact on safety. There can be no debating the fact= that a cluttered and chaotic work area is often an unsafe work area. Well, 5S at its core should always focus on creating and maintaining an organized and safe workplace.

5S如此重要的第一個(gè)原因是：對(duì)安全的影響。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，雜亂無(wú)章的工作區(qū)域，往往是不安全的工作區(qū)域。5S的核心，應(yīng)該始終關(guān)注創(chuàng)建和維護(hù)一個(gè)有條理及安全的工作場(chǎng)所方面。

The second reason 5S is so important is that it helps us identify and eliminate waste, or Muda. Now, most people are amazed at how much more productive they are once their work area is de-cluttered, cleaned, and organized. Again! These "people" I am referring to could be a machine shop operator, or an accountant who sits behind a desk all day, or even a nurse who works 12 long hours each night, and just wants things to be in their place when they need them.

5S很重要的第二個(gè)原因：其有助于我們?nèi)プR(shí)別和消除浪費(fèi)�，F(xiàn)在，大多數(shù)的人都驚訝于一旦工作區(qū)域被清理、清潔和有條理起來(lái)，工作效率會(huì)如此高效。再?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)下，這里，我所指的這些“人員”可能是某個(gè)機(jī)械車間的操作人員，或者一整天都坐在辦公室的會(huì)計(jì)，或者甚至是每天要上12個(gè)小時(shí)晚班的護(hù)士，只要需要的時(shí)候，東西能在相應(yīng)的位置上。

The third reason 5S is so beneficial is the fact that it's low cost and very high impact. You don't need to spend a lot of money to improve 5S. In fact, you could very well make some money, if you sell items you no longer use or need. Next, done correctly, 5S gets everyone in the company involved. It doesn't matter if you wear a suit and tie or a hard hat, 5S knows no boundary. So it's the perfect opportunity to bring folks that wouldn't normally interact with one another together. To be sure, this type of collaboration makes companies much stronger.

5S是如此有益的第三個(gè)原因是：低成本和影響高。我們不需要花很多錢來(lái)改進(jìn)5S。事實(shí)上，如果賣的東西已經(jīng)不再使用或者不需要，你還可以賺一些錢。接下來(lái)，正確地完成，5S讓公司中的每個(gè)人都參與進(jìn)來(lái)。無(wú)論穿西裝打領(lǐng)帶，還是戴安全帽，5S是不分界限的。因此，這是讓那些通常不會(huì)互相交流的人員聚在一起的絕佳機(jī)會(huì)。不過(guò)，可以肯定的是，這種合作會(huì)讓公司變得更加強(qiáng)大。

Another reason 5S is so important is the simple fact that adherence to standards is a key to Kaizen. And, since 5S is a standard in and of itself, it goes without saying, if you can't do 5S, you can't do Lean. In fact, 5S is a key building block for most of the lean tools and concepts used today, such as, one piece flow, total productive maintenance, and single minute exchange of dies.

5S很如此重要的另一個(gè)原因是：堅(jiān)持標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，是改善的關(guān)鍵。事實(shí)上，不用多言，5S本身就是一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，如果不能做到5S，那么，我們就不能做到精益生產(chǎn)。事實(shí)上，5S是當(dāng)今大多數(shù)精益工具和概念的關(guān)鍵的組成部分，如單件流、全員生產(chǎn)維護(hù)和快速換型。

As they say, without 5S, you can indeed forget the rest. Okay. Well, now that we have a better understanding of why 5S is so important, let's discuss each step of the process.

如果沒(méi)有5S，你真的可能會(huì)忘記其他的。好的，我們已經(jīng)對(duì)5S很重要的原因有了更好的理解，接下來(lái)，我們來(lái)討論一下該過(guò)程的每一個(gè)步驟。

But before then, let me just say that in the coming modules of this course, we're going to explain exactly how to go about executing each of these steps in your workplace.

在討論之前，要說(shuō)的是，在本課程接下來(lái)的模塊中，我們將詳細(xì)解釋如何在工作場(chǎng)所執(zhí)行這些步驟。

Well, the first step is sort. This step basically challenges us to get rid of the things we don't need or use. Now, this can be a very hard step for some people, since they like to keep everything they've ever come in contact with. But this type of holding attitude only leads to clutter and disorganization. So, if we don't need it, we need to get rid of it.

第一個(gè)步驟是：整理。這一步基本上是讓我們丟棄不需要或者不用的東西。這對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，是很困難的一步，因?yàn)樗麄兿矚g保留自己曾經(jīng)接觸過(guò)的所有的東西。不過(guò)，這種維持的態(tài)度只會(huì)導(dǎo)致雜亂無(wú)章。所以，如果不需要的，我們就要丟掉。

Well, to help facilitate this sort process, Lean practitioners often use red tags similar to the ones shown in this picture. Rest assured, we'll be covering everything you need to know about red tagging in a coming module, since while it's not a complicated concept, there are many traps that you need to know about.

為了幫助大家簡(jiǎn)化這一過(guò)程，精益實(shí)踐者通常使用與圖中所示類似的紅色標(biāo)簽。各位放心，我們將在接下來(lái)的模塊中涵蓋大家所需要了解的關(guān)于紅色標(biāo)簽的所有信息，因?yàn)椋�雖然這不是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的概念，不過(guò)，各位需要去了解諸多的陷阱。

Well, the second step is straightened. So once we've cleared out all the items we don't need, we need to straighten up what's left. Well, the mantra of a place for everything, and everything in its place fits this step perfectly. Well, here's an example of a nicely straightened tool box. If a screwdriver were missing from the top of it, it would be obvious to the owner of the tool box giving them an opportunity to find it, or replace it before he or she actually needed it to repair or work on something.

第二個(gè)步驟是：整頓。一旦我們清理完所有不需要的東西，就需要整頓下剩下的東西。好吧，所有物品都有空間存放，所有物品都得到合適的存放，這完全符合該步驟。這是一個(gè)整頓的工具箱一個(gè)很不錯(cuò)的例子。如果螺絲刀的頂部丟失，工具箱的主人就能很容易發(fā)現(xiàn)，或者在他或者她實(shí)際需要螺絲刀來(lái)修理或者工作之前換掉它。

The third step is sweep. This step is also often referred to as shine. This is probably the most misunderstood step of all since most assume this step simply means to grab a broom and clean up. And while good old-fashioned sweeping is definitely important, this step is far more than just cleaning. You see, the main principle behind this step is to "clean to inspect." In other words, if you find yourself sweeping up the same mess day after day, you should do your very best to eliminate the source of the dirt.

第三步是：清掃。這一步通常也被稱為擦亮。這可能是最容易被誤解的一步，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)人認(rèn)為這一步僅僅意味著拿起掃帚進(jìn)行清理。雖然，傳統(tǒng)的清掃方式非常重要，但這一步不僅僅是清掃。該步驟之后的主要原則是“清理檢查”。換句話說(shuō)，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)一天又一天地打掃著同一個(gè)雜亂的地方，各位應(yīng)該盡最大努力去消除灰塵的來(lái)源。

Here's an example of sweeping in action. As it turns out in this example, the sources of the dirt and grime were attacked as part of a Total Productive Maintenance. Kaizen event further demonstrating how 5S and other Lean principles are tied at the hip.

下面是一個(gè)清掃的例子。在這個(gè)例子中，作為全面生產(chǎn)性維護(hù)的一部分，灰塵和污垢的來(lái)源被攻克。改善活動(dòng)，進(jìn)一步展示了5S和其他精益原則是如何貼合聯(lián)系在一起的。

Well, the fourth step is standardize. This step is focused on creating standards, so abnormalities are easily recognized. Things like checklists and audits are very helpful. Also, some companies even engage in corporate 5S competitions where the monthly winner gets to hold the local 5S trophy for the month, while the last place team gets the opportunity to partake in a brown bag lunch with the general manager of the facility as they explain their plan to improve.

第四步是：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。這一步的重點(diǎn)關(guān)注標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的創(chuàng)建，異常很容易被識(shí)別。像清單和審核之類，就非常有用。此外，一些公司甚至?xí)�開展公司層面的5S競(jìng)賽，每個(gè)月的5S優(yōu)勝者將獲得5S獎(jiǎng)杯，而5S最后一名的團(tuán)隊(duì)有機(jī)會(huì)與工廠總經(jīng)理一起享用一頓午餐，解釋5S改進(jìn)計(jì)劃。

Now, if you look closely at the picture of our president scrubbing the floor, you can see many examples of standardization in place. Notice the blue tape on the floor. This is used to ensure the tables are put back into the correct location. Also, look at the sign under the mirror. Since this particular plant is in Japan, it's customary to remove your street shoes. As such, they've made it pretty clear where your shoes are supposed to be placed.

現(xiàn)在，如果你仔細(xì)觀察總裁擦洗地板的照片，你可以看到許多標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的例子。注意地板上的藍(lán)色膠帶，這些是用來(lái)確保將桌子放回正確位置的。另外，看看鏡子下面的標(biāo)志。因?yàn)檫@家工廠在日本，所以，習(xí)慣上要把便鞋脫掉。因此，他們很清楚鞋子應(yīng)該放在哪里。

Now, if you happen to be watching this video with a group, I'd like to welcome you to pause the video in order to discuss what you see in this picture. Do you think this level of standardization would work in your company? You might want to take some time and discuss this as a group.

如果你碰巧和一個(gè)小組一起看這段視頻，歡迎暫停這段視頻，討論一下你在這張圖片中看到了什么。你認(rèn)為，這種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化水平在你的公司會(huì)起作用嗎？你可能要想花些時(shí)間和大家一起來(lái)討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

Finally, the last step of the process is self-discipline. Now, the key to this step is to apply positive tension. In other words, if your 5S improvements are to sustain, it must be made clear that this is how we intend to operate as a company. It's similar to a rope. If a rope is pulled tightly and someone comes along and tugs on it, we get an immediate response. However, if the rope is loose and we pull on it, we may not realize it as quickly. So, this really gets back to being able to identify abnormalities. With positive tension, we can identify issues immediately. With loose or no tension, we don't.

最后，5S過(guò)程的最后一步是：素養(yǎng)。這個(gè)步驟的關(guān)鍵是施加正向的緊張感。換言之，如果5S改進(jìn)需要持續(xù)，必須清楚地表明，這是我們作為一家公司的經(jīng)營(yíng)方式。就像一根繩子。如果一根繩子被拉緊，有人過(guò)來(lái)拉它，我們會(huì)得到立即的反應(yīng)。不過(guò)，如果繩子松了，我們?nèi)ダ�它，我們可能就不�?huì)很快意識(shí)到 。所以，這真的恢復(fù)了識(shí)別異常的能力。在正向的緊張感下，我們可以立即發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。如果松懈或者沒(méi)有緊張感，我們則都不會(huì)。